What does Information Operations (IO) broadly aim to do?

• A. IO is a combination of actions to protect information and deny the adversary information.
• B. IO only includes cyber defense.
• C. IO is a legal framework.
• D. IO is a medical readiness doctrine.

Answer: (A)

Information Operations aims to shape outcomes by using a blend of actions that protect our information and deny the adversary access to information. This means safeguarding data and communications, defending information systems, and simultaneously disrupting or misleading what the opponent can learn or rely on. It’s a broad approach that includes cyber defense but also activities like deception, operations security, and information influence to affect how people and systems perceive and decide things. The other options narrow IO to just cyber defense, label it as a legal framework, or treat it as a medical readiness doctrine, which doesn’t capture the full range of IO activities.